Robert H. Barrow | |
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27th Commandant of the Marine Corps (1979-1983) |
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Born | February 5, 1922 Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA |
Died | October 30, 2008 | (aged 86)
Allegiance | United States of America |
Service/branch | United States Marine Corps |
Years of service | 1942-1983[1] |
Rank | General |
Commands held | Commandant of the Marine Corps |
Battles/wars | World War II Korean War * Battle of Inchon * Battle of Chosin Reservoir Vietnam War * Operation Dewey Canyon |
Awards | Navy Cross Distinguished Service Cross Defense Distinguished Service Medal Distinguished Service Medal Silver Star Legion of Merit (3) Bronze Star with Combat "V" (2) |
Other work | Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board |
Robert Hilliard Barrow (February 5, 1922 – October 30, 2008) was an American general, who was the 27th Commandant of the United States Marine Corps (USMC) from 1979 to 1983. Barrow served for 41 years, including overseas command duty in three wars. He was awarded the Navy Cross for actions during the Korean War and the Distinguished Service Cross for actions during the Vietnam War.
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Barrow was born on February 5, 1922, in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, and grew up on his family’s Rosale Plantation in West Feliciana Parish, Louisiana. The family’s circumstances were difficult. They had no electricity, so Barrow satisfied an early passion for reading by using a kerosene lamp.[2]
Because it offered free tuition and low boarding costs, Barrow attended Louisiana State University from 1939 to 1942,[3] working as a waiter and a janitor and served in the university's Corps of Cadets.[2]
In 1942, Barrow left the university early to join the Marine Corps.[4] He attended recruit training at Marine Corps Recruit Depot San Diego and was retained as a Drill Instructor after his graduation. While serving on the drill field, he was selected to attend Officer Candidate School in February 1943. He was commissioned a second lieutenant on May 19, 1943.[5]
During World War II, Barrow served with the Sino-American Cooperative Organization which was a U.S. trained and equipped Chinese guerilla team in Japanese-occupied Central China. For his service, he was awarded the Bronze Star with Combat V.[6]
During the Korean War, Barrow commanded Company A, 1st Battalion 1st Marines in the Inchon-Seoul campaign and in the Chosin Reservoir campaign. For his heroism in holding a pass near Koto-ri on December 9–10, 1950, he was awarded the Navy Cross.[5]
In February 1956, Barrow began an 18-month tour with the 2nd Battalion, 6th Marines at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina. From the summer of 1957 to the summer of 1960, he served as the Marine Officer Instructor, at the Tulane University Naval Reserve Officer Training Corps.In September 1959, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel.[5]
Colonel Barrow graduated from the National War College in June 1968.[5]
After graduating from the National War College, Barrow served in Vietnam, as Commanding Officer, 9th Marines, 3rd Marine Division (Rein) and as Deputy G-3, III Marine Amphibious Force. While in command of the 9th Marines, the regiment saw combat near the DMZ, Khe Sanh, Da Krong Valley, and A Shau Valley. He received the Army Distinguished Service Cross for his extraordinary heroism in Operation Dewey Canyon.[5]
Barrow's Distinguished Service Cross citation reads:
In August 1969, he was promoted to brigadier general, then deployed to Japan to serve as Commanding General at Camp Butler in Okinawa, Japan. He received a Legion of Merit for his three years of service as CG and left Okinawa as a major general select. On promotion to major general, he became Commanding General, Marine Corps Recruit Depot, Parris Island.
He was promoted to lieutenant general in 1975 and assigned to Headquarters Marine Corps as Deputy Chief of Staff for Manpower. In 1976, he was named Commanding General, Fleet Marine Force, Atlantic, at Norfolk, Virginia. In July 1978, Barrow became the Assistant Commandant of the Marine Corps serving until July 1979, when he became the Commandant of the Marine Corps. From 1978 to 1979, Barrow served as President of the Marine Corps Association.[8]
General Barrow was the first Commandant to serve, by law, a regular four-year tour as a full member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. As Commandant, "he was instrumental in acquiring approval of production for the Marine Corps of the American-modified Harrier aircraft, in awakening interest in new and improved naval gunfire support, in getting amphibious ships included in the Navy's new construction programs, and in returning hospital ships to the fleet, especially on station with Marine Corps amphibious task forces."[5]
General Barrow retired from the Marine Corps on 30 June 1983, and was presented with the Distinguished Service Medal on retirement.
General Barrow's medals and decorations included:[3]
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1st Row | Navy Cross | Distinguished Service Cross | Office of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Identification Badge | ||
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2nd Row | Defense Distinguished Service Medal w/ 2 oak leaf clusters | Navy Distinguished Service Medal | Silver Star | Legion of Merit w/ 3 stars | |
3rd Row | Bronze Star w/ valor device & 1 star | Joint Service Commendation Medal w/ 1 oak leaf cluster | Combat Action Ribbon | Navy Presidential Unit Citation w/ 1 star | |
4th Row | Army Presidential Unit Citation | Navy Unit Commendation | Navy Meritorious Unit Commendation w/ 1 star | China Service Medal | |
5th Row | American Campaign Medal | Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal w/ 1 star | World War II Victory Medal | National Defense Service Medal w/ 1 star | |
6th Row | Korean Service Medal w/ 4 stars | Vietnam Service Medal w/4 stars | National Order of Vietnam, Knight degree | Vietnam Gallantry Cross w/ 2 palms | |
7th Row | Korean Presidential Unit Citation | Vietnam Gallantry Cross Unit Citation | United Nations Korea Medal | Vietnam Campaign Medal |
After General Barrow's retirement from the Marine Corps, he was appointed by President Ronald Reagan to the Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board and to the president's Blue Ribbon Commission on Defense Management.[9]
In 1983, a letter from Barrow to Caspar W. Weinberger was released by the Pentagon. In the letter, Barrow criticized Israeli soldiers in Lebanon, saying that the Israelis were firing on U.S. troops, among other things. Israel denied the charges.[2]
Barrow’s wife of 53 years, Patty, died in 2005.
General Barrow died on October 30, 2008 at the age of 86.[10] He was survived by his sons Charles C. Pulliam, of Greenville, South Carolina and Robert H. Barrow, a retired lieutenant colonel of Marines, of Tampa, Florida; his daughters Cathleen P. Harmon, of Killeen, Texas, Barbara B. Kanegaye, of Houston, Texas and Mary B. Hannigan, of Oakton, Virginia, eleven grandchildren and five great-grandchildren.[2] General Barrow was buried with full military honors on November 3, 2008. The service was held at Grace Episcopal Church and Cemetery in St. Francisville, the seat of West Feliciana Parish, Louisiana. The current Commandant of the Marine Corps, General James T. Conway delivered the eulogy, recognizing Barrow for his many initiatives ranging from recruiting to training; while former Commandant General Carl Mundy presenting the burial colors to Barrow’s next of kin.[11]
This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Marine Corps.
Military offices | ||
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Preceded by Gen. Louis H. Wilson, Jr. |
Commandant of the United States Marine Corps 1979—1983 |
Succeeded by Gen. Paul X. Kelley |
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